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Aquarium – a complete guide to selection and maintenance

An aquarium is much more than a decorative container with fish – it is a living ecosystem that requires the right choice, equipment and maintenance. Whether you are just starting out or already have experience, a properly selected aquarium is the foundation for healthy fish and a stable aquatic environment.

In this guide you will find everything you need to choose the right aquarium, the necessary equipment and the right maintenance to avoid the most common mistakes.

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What is an aquarium?

An aquarium is an artificially created aquatic environment designed to house fish, plants, and other aquatic organisms. To be stable, any aquarium must provide proper filtration, temperature, and water quality.

A well-maintained aquarium encourages natural behavior in fish and reduces stress, while also offering aesthetic value to the home or office.

Types of aquariums according to needs and experience

Freshwater aquarium

Home aquarium – freshwater aquarium with plants and fish

The freshwater aquarium is the most common and suitable choice for beginners. It allows for the cultivation of a wide variety of ornamental fish and plants and requires relatively easy maintenance.

Good filtration, regular water changes and appropriate nutrition are necessary for a stable environment.

Related categories:

Plant aquarium

Home aquarium – freshwater aquarium with plants and fish

A planted aquarium is a type of aquarium where plants play a key role in balance and vision. This type of aquarium requires a higher level of lighting, regular fertilization, and frequent use of a CO2 system.

Under the right conditions, plants improve water quality and limit the growth of algae.

Browse for suitable products for a planted aquarium in the categories:

Discus aquarium

Home aquarium – freshwater aquarium with plants and fish
A discus aquarium is a specialized type of aquarium with higher requirements for temperature, water quality and nutrition. Discus are sensitive fish and require constant control of parameters.

See our products to prepare a rich menu with quality discus fish foods, or to control the quality of the water in the aquarium with the right controllers and measuring devices.

Planted aquarium – balance between light, CO₂ and substrate

A planted aquarium requires a careful balance between lighting, nutrient substrate and CO₂ supply. Each of these elements plays a key role in healthy plant growth and a stable aquatic environment.

The absence or incorrect adjustment of one of the components can lead to imbalance, algae growth or stunted plant growth. Therefore, a planted aquarium should be considered as a system, not as a sum of individual elements.

Small aquarium for home

A small aquarium is suitable for limited spaces, but requires more precise maintenance. Due to the small volume, water parameters change more quickly.

Proper equipment and moderate stocking are key to success.

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Aquarium for beginners

A beginner aquarium is designed to be easy to maintain and error-proof. It usually includes undemanding fish and minimal equipment.

This type of aquarium is an excellent choice for first-time owners and those with no previous experience in aquarium keeping.

For more detailed information, read our blog article "Aquarium for Beginners"

Basic aquarium equipment

Aquarium equipment – ​​the basis for a stable system

Aquarium equipment is the basis for the stable and long-term operation of any aquarium. In addition to the main components such as
filtration and lighting, modern aquariums use pumps, heaters, CO₂ systems and control devices that work together as a complete system.

The correct selection and combination of aquarium equipment depends on the type of aquarium, its volume and the inhabitants in it. Well-balanced equipment facilitates maintenance and creates a stable environment for fish and plants.

Filtration and water movement

The filter is the heart of every aquarium. It provides mechanical and biological filtration, which keeps the water clean and safe for fish.

Aquarium lighting

Lighting affects plant growth and the visual effect of the aquarium. LED lighting is energy efficient and offers an optimal spectrum.

Heaters and temperature control

Most tropical fish require a stable temperature. The heater maintains optimal conditions all year round.

CO2 systems and controllers

CO2 systems are important for planted aquariums, supporting photosynthesis and plant growth.

Tests and measuring instruments

Regular measurement of parameters allows for timely response and a stable environment.

Aquarium maintenance - basic principles

Maintenance includes regular partial water changes, filter cleaning and monitoring fish behavior. Stability is more important than frequent changes.

Stable maintenance does not mean complicated procedures, but perseverance and the right equipment. Well-chosen equipment and regular control greatly facilitate aquarium care and prevent common problems.

Most common mistakes when starting an aquarium

  • Too fast release of inhabitants
  • Lack of biological cycle
  • Overfeeding
  • Insufficient filtration

Do you want a stable and healthy aquarium?
Take a look at the selected equipment and equipment.

Aquarium Control and Maintenance

The long-term success of any aquarium depends on regular control and proper maintenance. Measuring the main water parameters, maintaining a stable temperature and responding promptly to changes are key to the health of fish and plants.

Using measuring instruments, controllers and appropriate equipment facilitates maintenance and reduces the risk of sudden fluctuations
in the aquarium conditions.

FAQ - Aquarium

How long does it take to start an aquarium?

Usually between 2 and 4 weeks. This is the time for the system to have a relatively stable environment for its inhabitants.

How often do you change the water?

20–30% once a week. Or to get a more accurate idea, read the article: Should I change the water in the aquarium and how much?

How many fish can I put in?

It depends on the volume and species, always start gradually. First with bottom dwellers and gradually add other species.

What kind of aquarium is suitable for beginners?

For beginner aquarists, a freshwater aquarium with a volume of between 60 and 100 liters is best. A larger volume provides more stable water parameters and easier maintenance compared to very small aquariums. It is recommended that the system be equipped with an aquarium filter, heater and appropriate lighting to create safe and stable conditions for the fish.

How much equipment is needed for an aquarium?

The necessary equipment depends on the type and volume of the aquarium, but every aquarium needs basic equipment. This includes a filter for cleaning the water, a heater to maintain a constant temperature and lighting. In planted aquariums, a CO₂ system and additional equipment can be added for better control of the conditions.

Is CO₂ needed for every aquarium?

CO₂ is not mandatory for every aquarium. In standard freshwater aquariums with few or undemanding plants, a CO₂ system is not necessary. It is highly recommended in planted and aquascape aquariums, where it supports photosynthesis and healthy plant growth.

Which water parameters are most important?

The most important water parameters in an aquarium are temperature, pH, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate levels.
Keeping these within the appropriate range is essential for the health of your fish and plants. Regular monitoring with water meters and tests helps to avoid problems and maintain a stable environment.